The colonial era and the period of decolonisation have left the African territory with meaningless boundaries. The continent is separated in numerous square-shaped countries, which perimeters are irrespective of the geological and ethnological distribution of the territory. Thus, this thoughtless division of the African lands have settled the bases of many unstable and contentious situations in Africa. In fact, Sudan, a north-eastern African country, has severely been impacted by the legacies of the colonial era. Being the land of Islamic, Christian and Animist populations, Sudan’s conflicts are strongly emphasised by the tensions emerging from these antagonist beliefs. However, the inequitable economical activities are also an important cause of the conflicts. This is why, in 2003, Darfur, this western region of Sudan, mainly composed of Muslim Fours, has been the land of reckless conflicts between the rebels and Khartoum. Darfur’s desire was to have a bigger politico-economical weight and to benefit from the oil exploitations. (Quach, 2004, p. 3) The result, influenced by long-standing economical inequities, was that their demands were soon muffled by the fiery methods of the capital. You will understand how economical factors led to, what some would call, the first genocide of the XXI century.